Paper-engin e



UNTER@ STATES PATENT IFIQE.

IVM. DIGKINSON, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

PAPER-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 1,760, dated September 8, 1840.

To all whom t may concern Be it known lthat I, WILLIAM DicKiNsoN, ofIVorcester, 1n the county of Worcester yand State of Massachusetts, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Paper- Engines Used in theManufacture of Paper, of which the following is a description.

To understand my improvement more perfectly however, some knowledge ofthe engine now in use is essential, and before describing theimprovement, I will describe some parts of the engine as now used, themost important of which are, first, an elliptical vat which contains'the material to be reduced to pulp; second, the roller having steelplates inserted lengthwise in the surface of the cylinder, parallel toeach other and vertical to the center, with the edges rising above thesurface; third, steel bars fastened to the bottom of the vat under theroller in such a manner that when it revolves the edge of each platesuccessively passes over the bars and so near thereto as to cut somewhatin the manner of shears, whatever' may be between them. The roller hasan axis upon which it revolves, one end of which rests upon a beam orbar called by papermakers a lightener which is fitted so that it may beelevated or depressed by a screw. One end of the roller being thuselevated or depressed while the other end is not materially affected ineither way.

This operation therefore necessarily tends to throw the axis out of itsbearings, to increase considerably the friction, and as one end of theroller is nearly in contact with the steel bars while the other israised from them, the friction becomes unequal.

My improvement is designed to correct this imperfection in the engineand to give it greater power and efficiency, by raising and depressingthe whole roller and shaft alike and thus making the space between theplates and the steel bars equal from one end of the roller to the otherin all stages of t-he work. To accomplish this desirable object I hangthe roller, as in the drawing No. one, upon a double lightener, No. two,so that it revolves between beams or bars with its axis resting uponeach. At one end these bars or beams or lighteners are united as in mydrawing by a strong round bar of iron No. three, which passes throughthem and also through two upright supporters rising a little above thetop of the vat,

-which supporters are firmly xed to sustain the work and thus when theother end of the double lightener is raised or lowered this end coupledwith the round bar llo. three works upon it in the manner of a hinge.The other end is united by a broad flat bar of iron No. four, with theends turned down at right angles toward the bottom of the vat, thelighteners are bolted to this a little below the angle. This bar restsalso upon supporters No. live much like those at the other end, the endsof this bar thus turned down may extend a little below the lighteners asin No. six and serve to keep them firm when raised or depressed. Thelighteners should be bolted on the outside of this broad bar, and not tothe inner side as in the drawing. The double lightener being thusprepared rests in a nearly horizontal position with the upper partnearly on a level with the surface of the water in the vat No. nine. Theroller being inserted as in No. one is according to my drawing toreceive its motion from a band applied to a pulley No. eight, and israised or lowered at pleasure by a screw, or by screws as in llo. seven,inserted in the flat connecting bar of the double lightener which bearagainst the boards 5 as appears by the drawing. This screw, or thesescrews necessarily carry up or down the whole double lightener No. two,and with it the whole roller and shaft No. one, while that in the enginenow in use elevates and depresses but one end. The engines in use as faras I have seen or known have a long, heavy, clumsy axis or shaft to theroller connecting it with the moving power usually by a gear.

In my improvement which admits the easyl application of a band I am ableto dispense with a large portion of this axis or shaft, and by animprovement in the vat No. nine constructing therein a hollow midfellowas it is called of suiificient length and width (as in No. ten,) toreceive the inner bar or beam of the double lightener (and the band andpulley to drive the machine if desired) I am able to raise the rollerand shaft entirelyout of the vat No. nine, This vat No. ten or what Icall the hollow midfellow is a vat within the vat No. nine, asrepresented in the'model and drawing around which when the roller is inmotion, the water carrying with it the material to be ground flows, andfrom which the water is wholly excluded-by this arrangement the improvedengine is more easily repaired than any now in use. It may beconveniently placed in almost any part of the mill With less regard tothe moving power than is nowlnecessary, as the belt may be carried to itwith very little trouble in whatever part of the mill it may be. Is lesseXpensive-more likely to keep itself in repair than any enginesrnow usedin the manuj facture of paper, and when repairs are necessary it is muchmore easy to make them, as the whole engine can be easily seen byraising the double lightener, and thus the roller. It combines manyother advantages which it'may not be necessary to mention.

That I claim therefore as my invention is*- The act of raising andlowering at pleashereunto subscribed.

WM. DICKINSON.

Witnesses:

CLARENDON HARRIS, M. B. GREEN.

